Atoms and molecules

 

1.What is an atom?

An atom is the smallest particle of an element.

 Or

An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical properties.

2. Mention the  subatomic particles of an atom.

The three main subatomic particles of an atom are:

1. Protons

Charge: Positive (+)

Location: Inside the nucleus

Role: Protons determine the atomic number of an element and give the atom its identity. For example, an atom with 1 proton is hydrogen.

2. Neutrons

Charge: Neutral (no charge)

Location: Inside the nucleus

Role: Neutrons contribute to the atom's mass and help stabilize the nucleus. The number of neutrons can vary, resulting in isotopes.

3. Electrons

Charge: Negative (−)

Location: Orbiting the nucleus in electron shells or energy levels

Role: Electrons are involved in chemical bonding and reactions. Their arrangement determines the atom's chemical properties.

Together, these subatomic particles form the structure of an atom.

3. What are molecules?

A molecule is a group of two or more atoms that are bonded together.